• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a device for operating a ground plane comprising a mobile (18) and a control (19) configured to remotely control said mobile (18). The device is characterized in that it allows a coupling of the same control (19) with several mobiles (18) and / or a mobile (18) with several controls (19). This solution allows an operator equipped with a command to remotely control several pushing operations using successively several mobile or several operators each equipped with a command successively control the same mobile.
    公开号:FR3040372A1
    申请号:FR1557902
    申请日:2015-08-25
    公开日:2017-03-03
    发明作者:Tabares Diego Alonso；Nicolaas Peter Esteie；Alexandre Fouillot；Leonardo Canon
    申请人:Airbus；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to a device for maneuvering and immobilizing a plane on the ground. Prior to take-off, it is generally necessary to move the aircraft away from the ground facilities so that it can move independently.
    According to a first operating mode, this movement maneuver is performed using a motor vehicle that is driven by a first operator and pushes the aircraft away from the facilities (pushback maneuver in English).
    The powered vehicle is connected to the aircraft's nose landing gear and the nose landing gear control system is disengaged by the pilot of the aircraft to allow said landing gear to pivot freely in function of the direction imposed by the motorized vehicle. According to a first variant, the motorized vehicle is connected to the landing gear by a bar. According to another variant, the motorized vehicle comprises grippers that lift the wheels of the landing gear.
    The first operator who drives the vehicle does not have good visibility on the entire aircraft, a second operator walks next to the vehicle and controls the pushing maneuver.
    Therefore, this first procedure is not fully satisfactory because it requires two people on the ground.
    According to a second operating mode, the embossing maneuver is carried out using a motor vehicle controlled remotely. According to one embodiment, this motorized vehicle comprises a cockpit for maneuvering and a remote control that allows remote control.
    The vehicle comprises two branches which are positioned in operation on either side of a main landing gear, each of the branches comprising two pressure rollers positioned at the front and rear of the wheels to cause the rotation wheels of the landing gear by friction. For each branch, one of the two rollers is movable between a retracted position in which it allows the passage of the landing gear between the two branches and an extended position in which the wheels of the landing gear are locked between the rollers.
    According to this second operating mode, an operator drives the motorized vehicle to a main landing gear of the aircraft. After correctly positioning the branches of the vehicle on either side of the landing gear, it controls the deployment of the rollers. Following, he moves away from the vehicle to control the pushing maneuver and guide the pilot of the aircraft. It has a remote control to cause the stop and the rotation of the rollers and thus the movement of the plane.
    According to this procedure, according to the instructions transmitted by the operator on the ground, the pilot of the aircraft orients the front landing gear to direct the aircraft. At the end of the pushing maneuver, thanks to the remote control, the operator on the ground can remotely provoke the retraction of the rollers to release the landing gear and the setting in motion of the motorized vehicle in order to move it away from the 'plane.
    This motorized and remotely controlled vehicle makes it possible to carry out the pushing maneuver with a single operator on the ground.
    The present invention aims to improve the ergonomics of a device for maneuvering a plane on the ground. For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a device for maneuvering a ground plane comprising: a mobile which comprises a displacement system and a coupling mechanism for an undercarriage of an airplane, and a command configured to remotely control said mobile.
    The device is characterized in that it comprises a first wireless communication system that uses a communication protocol to exchange information between the control and the mobile, said communication protocol allowing a coupling of the same command with several mobiles and / or a mobile with several commands. This solution allows a ground operator equipped with a command to remotely control and safely, successively several repetitive maneuvers using multiple mobile or multiple operators each equipped with a command successively control the same mobile.
    Advantageously, the mobile and the control each comprise an identifier of its own.
    According to another characteristic, the control is a device with a touch screen on which are represented at least two graphic elements, each dedicated to an instruction, a first graphic element being associated with an instruction for triggering a movement of the mobile according to a first sense and a second graphic element associated with a stop motion instruction.
    The provision of a small number of graphic elements, each dedicated to an instruction, simplifies the control of the maneuvering operations of the aircraft on the ground and improves the ergonomics of the device. Thus, a pushing maneuver can be performed by a single operator on the ground, while limiting the risk of incidents.
    Advantageously, the mobile comprises an immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile and the touch screen of the apparatus comprises a third graphic element associated with an activation or deactivation instruction of the immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile. Preferably, the touch screen of the apparatus comprises a fourth graphic element associated with an instruction for triggering a movement of the mobile in a second direction opposite to the first direction.
    According to a first variant, the immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile device comprises at least one brake for immobilizing at least one of the wheels of the mobile.
    According to another variant, the mobile comprises a frame supported by wheels and the immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile comprises at least one hinge for lowering the frame relative to at least one of the wheels of the mobile so that said frame occupies a first position in which said frame is spaced from the ground and a second position in which said frame is in contact with the ground.
    According to another characteristic, the mobile comprises a detection system and the device comprises software configured to, from information received from the detection system, control the moving system of the mobile from a first point to a second point. Advantageously, the device comprises at least one base at which the mobile is stored when it is not used, said base being configured to reload said mobile electric energy.
    According to another characteristic, the command comprises an application that makes it possible to enter an aircraft identifier, to trigger a movement of the mobile to a landing gear or from said landing gear, to activate or deactivate the landing gear mechanism. 'mating and display the graphic elements.
    Preferably, the device comprises a second communication system allowing an exchange of information between a ground operator and a cockpit of the aircraft. Other features and advantages will become apparent from the following description of the invention, a description given by way of example only, with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a plan view of an aircraft immobilized at level of a parking zone and a mobile of a device for maneuvering a plane on the ground, - Figure 2 is a perspective view of the mobile visible in Figure 1 coupled to a main landing gear, - The FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a device for maneuvering and immobilizing a plane on the ground which illustrates an embodiment of the invention, FIG. 4 is a top view of a mobile which illustrates an embodiment of FIG. 5 is a side view of the mobile visible in FIG. 4; FIG. 6 is a representation of a screen of a control of a device for maneuvering a plane on the ground which illustrates a mode embodiment of the invention.
    In Figure 1, there is shown in 10 an aircraft immobilized on a parking area 12. In one configuration, the parking area 12 corresponds to a boarding area. The aircraft 10 comprises a front landing gear 14 steerable and two main landing gear 16.
    When the aircraft 10 is immobilized in the parking area 12, the position of each landing gear 14 and 16 is known.
    Figures 2, 3 and 4, there is shown a device for maneuvering a ground plane which comprises a mobile 18 and controlled remotely and a control 19 configured to control the mobile 18.
    The mobile 18 comprises a frame 20 with a base 22 and two branches 24.1, 24.2 parallel to each other and each connected to the base 22. For the rest of the description, reference plane Pr is understood to be a plane parallel to the ground and by direction longitudinal direction parallel to the reference plane Pr and oriented along the length of the branches 24.1, 24.2.
    As illustrated in FIG. 4, the distance E between the branches 24.1, 24.2 is such that, in operation, a main landing gear 16 is inserted between the two branches 24.1, 24.2 which are oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction and perpendicularly the axes of rotation 26 of the wheels 28 of the main landing gear 16 (visible in Figures 2 and 4).
    According to a first variant not shown, the branches 24.1, 24.2 are connected by a rigid connection to the base 22 and, in this case, the spacing E between the branches 24.1, 24.2 is fixed. According to another variant visible in Figures 3 to 5, the distance E between the branches 24.1, 24.2 is adjustable. According to this variant, at least one of the branches 24.1, 24.2 is connected to the base 22 by a hinge 30 which makes it possible to vary the gap E. According to one embodiment, each hinge 30 comprises at least one pair of links parallel, each end of each connecting rod being connected to the base 22 or to a branch 24.1, 24.2 by a pivot axis 32 perpendicular to the reference plane Pr.
    The frame 20 is supported by at least three wheels 34.1, 34.2, 34.3. In one configuration, a first wheel 34.1 is positioned at one end of the leg 24.1 away from the base 22, a second wheel 34.2 is positioned at one end of the leg 24.2 opposite the base 22 and a third 34.3 wheel is connected to the base 22 and positioned equidistant from the branches 24.1 and 24.2.
    At least one of the wheels 34.1, 34.2, 34.3 is steerable. For this purpose, said steerable wheel is connected to the frame 20 by a pivoting connection along a pivot axis 36 perpendicular to the reference plane Pr. This configuration allows the mobile to follow a curved path.
    In one configuration, all the wheels 34.1 to 34.3 are steerable.
    According to one embodiment, for each steerable wheel, said wheel is connected to a yoke by an axis of rotation parallel to the reference plane Pr and each yoke is connected to the frame 20 by a pivot axis 36 perpendicular to the reference plane Pr. An actuator is interposed between the frame 20 and the yoke to cause it to pivot about the pivot axis 36.
    The mobile 18 comprises at least one mechanism for controlling the orientation of at least one wheel 34.1 to 34.3. Advantageously, this orientation control mechanism is disengageable.
    At least one wheel 34.1, 34.2, 34.3 is driving. For this purpose, the mobile comprises at least one motor configured to rotate said wheel. Advantageously, the mobile comprises at least one clutch for coupling or not the driving wheel or the engine or engines.
    Whatever the variant, the mobile 18 comprises a displacement system which comprises the wheels 34.1 to 34.3 and the means used to guide and ensure their motor and allows the mobile to move on the ground.
    The mobile 18 comprises at least one mechanism 38 for coupling the mobile 18 and the main landing gear 16. Preferably, the coupling mechanism 38 comprises at least one roller configured to rotate at least one wheel of the aircraft by friction. According to one embodiment, at least one of the branches 24.1, 24.2 comprises a first roller 40 near the base 22 and oriented towards the space between the two branches 24.1 and 24.2 and a second roller 42 spaced from the first roller 40 according to the longitudinal direction, said second roller 42 being movable between a retracted position in which the second roller 42 is positioned inside the branch 24.1, 24.2 to which it is connected and allows the passage of the wheels of the landing gear between the branches 24.1 and 24.2 and an extended position in which the second roller 42 is positioned outside the branch 24.1, 24.2 and oriented towards the space between the two branches 24.1, 24.2 to block the wheel 28 of the aircraft between the first and second rollers 40, 42, the axis of the second roller 42 being perpendicular to the longitudinal direction and parallel to the reference plane Pr. The coupling mechanism 38 comprises at least one action neur to cause the passage from the deployed position to the retracted position or vice versa.
    At least one of the rollers is motor and coupled to a motor for driving it in rotation. When rotated, each motor roller drives the wheel of the landing gear in rotation by friction.
    Preferably, the actuators and motors of the displacement system and the coupling mechanism 38 are electric. For this purpose, the mobile 18 includes a battery for storing electrical energy and a system for controlling the charging and recharging of the battery. Advantageously, the mobile 18 comprises a fixed grip relative to the frame 20 which can be connected to a power supply to recharge the battery.
    The various actuators and motors of the mobile 18 of the displacement system and the coupling mechanism 38 are controlled by a controller 44 secured to the frame 20.
    The device for maneuvering a plane on the ground comprises a first wireless communication system 45 ensuring the exchange of information between the mobile 18 and the control 19. Preferably, the first communication system uses a Wifi type communication protocol.
    According to the invention, the mobile 18 comprises at least one positioning and / or navigation sensor.
    According to a first variant, the positioning and / or navigation sensor is a GPS navigation and positioning sensor for example, for determining the positioning coordinates of the mobile 18 in a reference frame.
    According to a second variant, the positioning and / or navigation sensor is a trajectory tracking sensor configured to follow a trajectory 46 on the ground. According to one embodiment, the trajectory tracking sensor is an RFID type sensor configured to detect RFID chip tags implanted in or on the ground along a path 46. According to another embodiment, the tracking sensor of FIG. trajectory is a camera that is associated with image recognition software and detects a ground mark. According to another embodiment, the trajectory tracking sensor is an electromagnetic sensor configured to detect a wire positioned in the ground and in a path to follow. Other solutions are possible for the trajectory tracking sensor.
    According to a third variant, the positioning and / or navigation sensor is a sensor for detecting the position of the landing gear. This type of sensor makes it possible to determine more precisely the position of the mobile 18 relative to the landing gear. According to one embodiment, the detection sensor is an ultrasound sensor. However, other solutions are possible for the sensor for detecting the position of the landing gear.
    Whatever the variant, the mobile 18 comprises a detection system comprising at least one positioning sensor and / or navigation.
    Advantageously, the device for maneuvering a plane on the ground comprises at least one base 48 at which the mobile 18 is positioned when it is not in use.
    This base 48 is located near the parking area 12, in a parking zone 50 ground equipment.
    Advantageously, the base 48 is configured to recharge electrical energy mobile 18 immobilized at said base 48. According to one embodiment, the base 48 includes a socket configured to connect to a socket of the mobile 18 to recharge its batteries .
    According to one embodiment, the device for maneuvering a plane on the ground comprises at least one software allowing from a first instruction to autonomously and automatically move the mobile 18 of the base 48 to a main landing gear 16 from an airplane and from a second instruction to autonomously and automatically move the mobile 18 of a main landing gear 16 to the base 48. For this purpose, the software analyzes information transmitted by the detection system and transmits information to the controller 44 to control the motor (s) and the actuator (s) of the mobile 18.
    In general, the software allows the mobile to move from a first point to a second point autonomously and automatically, including up to a landing gear or from a landing gear.
    According to a configuration, the software is implemented in the controller 44.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the mobile 18 comprises an immobilization mechanism for immobilizing it. Thus, it is possible to use the mobile 18 as a wedge. Therefore, an operator can remotely control the mobile 18 so that it moves from its base 48 to a main landing gear 16 and that, when correctly positioned relative to said landing gear, the rollers 42 move in the deployed position. By following, activating the immobilization mechanism of the mobile 18, the wheels of the aircraft blocked by the mobile 18 are thus immobilized on the ground. Thus, the operator in charge of the maneuver does not have to approach the wheels of the aircraft.
    According to a first variant, the mobile 18 comprises at least one brake for immobilizing at least one of its wheels 34.1 to 34.3.
    According to another variant, the mobile 18 comprises at least one hinge for lowering the frame 20 relative to at least one wheel 34.1 to 34.3 so that the frame 20 is in contact with the ground. Thus, the frame 20 occupies a first position in which it is spaced from the ground and allows the mobile 18 to move and a second position in which it is in contact with the ground and immobilizes the mobile 18. Preferably, the mobile 18 comprises several joints to lower the frame 20 relative to all the wheels. This solution increases the contact area between the frame 20 and the ground in the second position.
    Advantageously, the controller 44 can activate or not the immobilization mechanism of the mobile 18 to receive a third instruction.
    According to another characteristic of the invention, the control 19 is an apparatus 52 with a touch screen on which graphic elements 54.1 to 54.4 are represented, for example in the form of each of a virtual button (visible in FIG. 6). The device 52 may be a touch pad, a smartphone, etc.
    Each of the graphic elements 54.1 to 54.4 is dedicated to an instruction. Thus, a first graphic element 54.1 makes it possible to trigger the movement of the mobile in a first direction, for example to make the aircraft go backwards, a second graphic element 54.2 makes it possible to stop the movement of the mobile 18, a third graphic element 54.3 makes it possible to activate or deactivate the immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile 18 and a fourth graphic element 54.4 can trigger the movement of the mobile in a second direction opposite to the first direction, for example to advance the aircraft. At least, the touch screen of the device 52 comprises two graphical elements, a first graphical element 54.1 to trigger the movement of the aircraft in a first direction and a second graphical element 54.2 to control the stop of the displacement of the plane.
    The graphic elements 54.1 to 54.4 are arranged at the vertices of a geometrical figure which extends over the entire surface of the touch screen of the apparatus 52. For example, in the presence of four graphical elements 54.1 to 54.4, they are arranged at the vertices of a diamond, a square or a rectangle that occupies the entire surface of the touch screen of the apparatus 52.
    Such an arrangement (in number and arrangement) of graphic elements 54.1 to 54.4 distributed over the entire surface of the touch screen of the apparatus 52 simplifies the control of the maneuvering operations of the aircraft on the ground and improves ergonomics of the aircraft maneuvering device on the ground. Thus, the operator in charge of controlling the pushing maneuver remains attentive to the environment of the aircraft which tends to limit the risk of incidents.
    According to another characteristic, the same control 19 can control several mobiles 18 and / or the same mobile 18 can be successively controlled by several commands 19. For this purpose, each mobile 18 and each command each include an identifier of its own and which is different from the identifiers of other mobiles and other commands 19.
    The coupling of the control and the mobile is achieved via the communication protocol.
    According to one embodiment, the apparatus 52 comprises an electronic module making it possible to identify another apparatus operating with the same communication protocol and to select it to obtain a coupling of the control and the mobile. The apparatus 52 may not be dedicated to the spinning maneuver.
    Preferably, the apparatus 52 comprises an application that makes it possible to carry out the pushing maneuver.
    Advantageously, this application includes a first display for entering an aircraft identifier. This solution makes it possible to be able to determine the position of the main landing gear 16 around which the mobile 18 is to be positioned and thus to determine the trajectory to be followed by the mobile 18 to reach said main landing gear 16.
    This first display also comprises at least one graphic element representing a button for triggering the first movement instruction of the mobile 18 of the base 48 to the main landing gear 16 and activation of the coupling mechanism 38 and at least one element graphic representing a button for triggering the second disengagement instruction of the mechanism 38 for coupling and moving the mobile 18 of the main landing gear 16 to the base 48. The application also includes a second display which makes it possible to display the graphic elements 54.1 to 54.4 shown in Figure 6.
    According to another characteristic, the device for maneuvering a plane on the ground comprises a second communication system allowing an exchange of information between a ground operator in charge of controlling the operation of the aircraft and a cockpit of the aircraft.
    This second communication system comprises a headset with earphones and a microphone carried by the ground operator allowing him to interact with the pilot of the aircraft. This communication system can use different communication protocols such as Wifi, VHF, ...
    According to a first embodiment, the headset communicates via a Wifi type communication protocol, Bluetooth with a box connected to an intercom of the aircraft. According to a second embodiment, the headset communicates via a WiFi type of communication protocol, Bluetooth with the controller 44 of the mobile that communicates with the pilot via a VHF type communication.
    According to a third embodiment, the headset communicates via a VHF type communication with the pilot of the aircraft.
    According to one mode of operation, when an aircraft 10 reaches a parking zone 12, thanks to the command 19, an operator remotely controls the movement of the mobile 18 of the base 48 to the main landing gear 16, the deployment rollers 42 for locking at least one of its wheels and the activation of the immobilization mechanism of said mobile 18. Thus, the mobile 18 performs the wedge function to immobilize the aircraft on the ground. When he wishes to carry out a repoussage operation, an operator deactivates, by means of the control 19, the immobilization mechanism of the mobile 18. By following, he triggers the setting in motion of the airplane in the desired direction by activating the rotation or rollers 40, 42 in the correct direction of rotation, by clicking on the first graphical element 54.1. During the pushing maneuver, the operator guides the pilot through the second communication system and monitors the environment of the aircraft. At any time, the ground operator can stop the pushing maneuver by clicking on the second graphical element 54.2. If necessary it can activate the immobilization mechanism of the mobile 18 in order to immobilize the aircraft on the ground, by clicking on the graphic element 54.3. If the aircraft must return to its starting position the ground operator triggers the setting in motion of the aircraft in the desired direction by activating the rotation of the roller or rollers 40, 42 in the appropriate direction of rotation, in clicking on the graphical element 54.4. During the maneuver of the aircraft on the ground, the pilot controls the orientation of the front landing gear according to the instructions given by the operator on the ground. At the end of the pushing maneuver, the operator can remotely control the retraction of the rollers 42 to release the main landing gear 16 and the movement of the mobile 18 of the main landing gear 16 to the base 48 .
    Thus, according to the invention, a single operator on the ground is necessary to perform the embossing maneuver safely.
    In addition, the device of the invention makes it possible to prevent an operator on the ground from approaching the wheels of the landing gear. Thus, all the rigging and maneuvering operations on the ground of the aircraft are carried out at a distance from the aircraft.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    Apparatus for operating a ground plane having a movable member (18) comprising a displacement system and a landing gear coupling mechanism (38) of an aircraft and a control (19) configured to remote control said mobile (18), characterized in that the device comprises a first wireless communication system (45) which uses a communication protocol to exchange information between the control (19) and the mobile (18), said communication protocol allowing a coupling of the same command (19) with several mobiles (18) and / or a mobile (18) with several commands (19).
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Maneuvering device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mobile (18) and the control (19) each comprise an identifier of its own.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Maneuvering device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control (19) is an apparatus (52) with a touch screen on which are represented at least two graphic elements, each dedicated to an instruction, a first element graphic (54.1) being associated with an instruction for triggering a movement of the mobile (18) in a first direction and a second graphic element (54.2) associated with a stopping command (18).
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the mobile (18) comprises a ground immobilization mechanism of the mobile (18) and in that the touch screen of the device (52) comprises a third graphic element (54.3) associated with an activation or deactivation instruction of the ground immobilization mechanism of the mobile (18).
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the touch screen of the apparatus (52) comprises a fourth graphic element (54.4) associated with an instruction for triggering a movement of the mobile (18) in a second direction opposite to the first sense.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile (18) comprises at least one brake for immobilizingat least one of the wheels (34.1 to 34.3) of the mobile (18).
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the mobile (18) comprises a frame (20) supported by wheels (34.1 to 34.3) and in that the immobilization mechanism on the ground of the mobile (18) comprises at least one hinge for lowering the frame (20) relative to at least one of the wheels (34.1 to 34.3) of the mobile (18) so that said frame occupies a first position in which said frame is spaced from the ground and a second position in which said frame is in contact with the ground.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mobile (18) comprises a detection system and in that the device comprises software configured to, from information received from the detection system, control the system for moving the mobile (18) from a first point to a second point.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one base (48) at which is stored the mobile (18) when not in use, said base (48) being configured to reload said mobile (18) into electrical energy.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the control (19) comprises an application that allows to enter an aircraft identifier, to trigger a movement of the mobile (18) to a landing gear (16). ) or from said landing gear (16), to activate or deactivate the coupling mechanism (38) and to display the graphic elements (54.1 to 54.4).
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a second communication system for an exchange of information between an operator on the ground and a cockpit of the aircraft.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    2016-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-03-03| PLSC| Search report ready|Effective date: 20170303 |
    2017-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2018-08-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2019-08-22| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2020-08-21| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2021-08-19| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1557902|2015-08-25|
    FR1557902A|FR3040372B1|2015-08-25|2015-08-25|DEVICE FOR MANEUVERING AND IMMOBILIZING AN AIRCRAFT ON THE GROUND|FR1557902A| FR3040372B1|2015-08-25|2015-08-25|DEVICE FOR MANEUVERING AND IMMOBILIZING AN AIRCRAFT ON THE GROUND|
    US15/246,080| US20170057663A1|2015-08-25|2016-08-24|Device for maneuvering and immobilizing an aircraft on the ground|
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